Davana Plant Farming in india
Davana plant (Artemisia pallens) is a perennial herb native to India, particularly in the southern states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh. It is also known as Davanam, Davana, or Artemisia nilagirica. Davana plant farming has gained popularity in recent years due to the plant’s various medicinal and aromatic properties. In this article, we will discuss the cultivation and farming practices of Davana plant in India.
Climate and Soil Requirements
Davana plant requires a warm and humid climate with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C. It grows well in loamy soils with good drainage and a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. The soil should be well-drained, fertile, and rich in organic matter.
Propagation
Davana plant can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and root divisions. The best time for sowing seeds is during the monsoon season (June to September) in India. The seeds should be sown in well-prepared beds or pots and covered with a thin layer of soil. The seedlings should be transplanted to the main field after 4 to 6 weeks.
Land Preparation
Before planting, the land should be plowed and harrowed to a fine tilth. The soil should be well-drained and free from weeds and other plant debris. Organic matter such as farmyard manure or compost should be incorporated into the soil to improve fertility.
Planting
Davana plant can be planted in rows with a spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm or in pits with a spacing of 45 cm x 45 cm. The plants should be watered immediately after planting and regularly thereafter. Mulching the soil around the plants can help retain moisture and control weed growth.
Fertilization
Davana plant requires regular fertilization to maintain healthy growth and high yields. A balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 4:2:1 should be applied at a rate of 50 g per plant every month. Organic fertilizers such as farmyard manure or compost can also be used to improve soil fertility.
Irrigation
Davana plant requires regular irrigation to maintain optimal growth and yield. Irrigation should be done at least once a week, depending on the weather conditions. Over-irrigation should be avoided as it can lead to waterlogging and root rot.
Pest and Disease Management
Davana plant is prone to pests and diseases such as aphids, spider mites, powdery mildew, and leaf spot. Regular monitoring and timely application of appropriate pesticides and fungicides can help control these pests and diseases.
Harvesting and Post-Harvest Management
Davana plant can be harvested after 120 to 150 days of planting, when the flowers have fully bloomed. The flowers should be harvested early in the morning and immediately transported to the distillery for oil extraction. The harvested flowers should be dried in the shade for a few days to reduce moisture content.
Conclusion
Davana plant farming in India has gained popularity due to the plant’s various medicinal and aromatic properties. Proper land preparation, propagation, planting, and care and maintenance are essential for ensuring proper growth and yield of the plant. With the right support and investment, Davana plant farming can contribute to the growth and development of the agricultural sector in India.
FAQs
- What are the medicinal properties of Davana plant? Davana plant has several medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial properties.
- What is the ideal climate for Davana plant cultivation? Davana plant requires a warm and humid climate with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C.
- How is Davana plant propagated? Davana plant can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and root divisions.
- What is the harvesting time for Davana plant? Davana plant can be harvested after 120 to 150 days of planting, when the flowers have fully bloomed.
- How is the oil extracted from Davana plant flowers? The flowers of Davana plant are steam distilled to extract the essential oil.
