Jamun Farming and Cultivation For Profit in India

Jamun is an indigenous fruit in India. They are called Njaval in Malayalam. In English, they are referred to as black plum or java plum. Jamun trees are evergreen and grow up to 35 feet in height. The fruits are sweet, and juicy and leave a purplish color on the tongue. The fruit and seed are known to have medicinal value and the fruit itself is high in antioxidants. They are known to be effective in treating and controlling diabetes. Though the value of the fruit itself is known and researched, farming of the Jamun fruit is very limited. The trees are hardy and survive harsh weather conditions. They require minimal water and maintenance, the price is moderately high and the yield per tree is nominal. Even with the favorable factors, there are a few challenges too that make Jamun farming not preferable among many farmers.

Yield and Profit Per acre in Jamun farming

There is 2 structure when it comes to farming and calculating profits and yield. It depends on the type of trees and the type of plantation For traditional Farming with 50 trees per acre the profit varies as compared to farming in high density. The plant also makes a huge difference. For instance, grafted plants have a slightly lower yield than plants from seedlings that are non grafted. There is also a considerable time gap from plantation to profitable yield. Jamun trees take 6-8 years depending on the plant for the first harvest and the full harvest may take up to 10 years when the trees are fully mature. Unfortunately, it’s not possible to calculate the amount of loss incurred by farmers during these few years of inactivity on the farm.

Considering only an average yield of 85 Kilos per plant with 100 Plant in a traditional Jamun plantation the calculations would be as below from the 10th year.

Average yield per plant85 KG
Total Trees per acre45
Total Yield 3825  kg
Average price  PEr Kio150
Gross incomeRs.573750 
Total Expenses including Harvesting Rs. 200,000
Net Profit from one acre Jamun CultivationRs. 373750

In most cases, even with a below-average yield of 50 KG per plant and a rate of 100 Rs per kilo, the farmer will make a gross revenue of 2.25 Lakh rupees, still making a meager profit of 25,000 Rs per year considering labor and expenses at 2 Lakh rupees. Jamun is a profitable crop to be considered, especially where there are limited water resources and forest plants thrive. 

Cost of Farming

Jamun plants are not hard to cultivate. The only problem with Jamun cultivation is the time it takes to bear fruits. Jamun trees take an average of 8 years to be profitable. Though trees start bearing fruits from the 4th or 5th year, they are not commercially viable as fruits are limited to less than 10 KG per plant. Harvesting costs are higher and the yield is much less limited. Apart from this said factor, there is no need for an irrigation setup if you have a drip line and fertigation is the bare minimum. The maintenance of the plant is limited to occasional trimming or pruning. 

Articles of interest  : 

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/jamun-price-soars-to-600/kg/articleshow/91552085.cms

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